Blue ratchet wheel has Archimedean spiral rib that engages with green rack. Parameters of the spiral must be chosen to maintain the self-locking transmission.
Angular reciprocating motion of violet crank makes green rack move up or down, subject to angular position of orange pawl.
The video shows:
The rack moves up.
The rack moves down.
The rack moves down fast (falls) when the pink axle is pulled out and the blue wheel does not contact the rack.
This video was made based on US patent 963206, 1910.